Steam-generator



(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

' S. E. LIGHT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 541,938. i Patented July 2, 1895.

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(No Model.) v 2 Sh'eets--Sheet 2. S. E. LIGHT.

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 541,938. Patented July 2, 1895.

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SAMUEL E. LIGHT, OF LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,938, dated July 2,1895.

Application filed January 30, 1895. Serial No. 536,663- (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. LIGHT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lebanon,

in the county of Lebanon and State of Penn-- ments in constructionwhereby the number of joints exposed to the products of combustion andconsequent wear and tear is greatly reduced, the steam generatingsurface increased, the non conducting covering supported by the watercirculating tubes on the sides of the generator, ample room provided inthe uptake chamber at each end of the generator for the insertion andcalking of the longitudinal fire and water tubes in the headers, andother minor details, all of which will be fully disclosed in thefollowing specification and claims. r

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification,Figure 1 represents a side elevation, partly in section, of my improvedsteamgenerator; Fig. 2, a front elevation and a vertical transversesection on line 2 2, and Fig. 3 a vertical section on line 3 3 on Fig.1.

Reference being had to the drawings and the letters thereon, A indicatesthe front header; B, the rear header; 0, the steam drum or separator; D,D,the water and mud drums; E, the dry steam pipe; F, the front uptake;G, tie rear uptake; H, the furnace, and I the stac The headers A, B,consist of a continuous and seamless chamber the height and width of themain generator, and terminate in a neck a b by which the headers areconnected to the steam drum or separator by a suitable flange c, andsaid headers are preferably cast of a high grade of steel having greattensile strength. The headers thus constructed not only present anunbroken surface but are without a seam which can be attached bytheproducts of combustion or which can be sub-- ject to the wear and tearof expansion and contraction. The headers are connected by water tubes01 which engage the inner walls of the headers and are secured theretoin the usual manner by expanding the ends of the tubes in the holes oropenings for the purpose in the wall of the header, and by fire tubes 8which connect with the outer walls of the headers, are within andconcentric to the water tubes d, and are secured to the rear header B inthe same manner as the water tubes'are secured; but they are connectedto the front header by expanding their ends across the chamber of theheader to fill the openings in the outer wall of the header, as shownatf in Fig. 1. It will be observed that the outer openings are of adiameter equal to the external diameter of the water-tubes, and in theconstruction of the generator the water tubes d are calked through theopenings in the outer-wall of the headers A and B, and the fire tubesare then pushed through the opening in the outer wall of header A intothe openings in the outer wall of the header B, and secured by calking.By thus expanding the ends of the fire tubes e at their inner ends allscrew threaded rings heretofore used are dispensed with and only onejoint for each tube is required to secure it to the outer Wall of theheader. In expanding the tube an -ogee is formed in the tube as shown atg which provides for expansion and contraction of the tubes. Theseheaders are provided with the usual hand holes h for cleaning theheaders, the covers of which are omitted.

In addition to the longitudinal tubes just described, the generator isprovided with two tiers of vertical or side water circulating tubes1,70, on each side, which extend from the front end of the generator tothe inside of the rear header, as shown in Fig. 1, connect the steamdrum or separator 0 below the horizontal median line on each side withthe water drum D, D, are secured to each by calking on the inside of thedrums to avoid external and exposed joints and the outer tier of pipes care arranged between the pipes 76 or over the spaces between said pipesto make a fire wall on the front and rear of the combustion chamber ofthe generator and the furnace as shown in the transverse sections Figs.2 and 3. The

inner tiers 7c are omitted opposite the front header A to form a passagefor the products of combustion around or across the edges of saidheader, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and for the purpose of illustrationsome of the tubes 11 in the outer tier are omitted in Fig. 1.

To prevent the escape or loss of the heat of the furnace a covering K ofa suitable plastic and refractory material, such as fire clay or thelike is applied directly to the outer'surface of the pipes '6 so as tofill the spaces between the pipes and secure the covering to the pipes.This covering extends from the water drum D, D, up to the point ofjunction of the pipesiwith the drum 0 and surrounds the exposed portionof the drum, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The furnace II extends transversely across the generator and is providedwith the usual grate bars 1,1, and doors at m and ash pit doors a, n onboth sides of the furnace so that it can be operated from either side orboth sides as required as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and the uptakechambers F and G are of a depth sufficient to enable an artisan to workcomfortably within them for the purpose of repairing the joints of thetubes d, 6, should they require repairing. The outer end of the uptakechamber F is closed by a series of metallic plates 0 0 which areprovided with inwardly projecting flanges p to provide space for thecovering K which is applied to the inside of these plates, but is notshown so applied in the drawings to avoid confusion, and in the plates 0are peep holes provided with covers q, and the uptake G communicateswith the stack I from which access to the up-take is bad through asuitable door in the stack. Not shown. Safety valves, not shown, areattached to the steam pipe E at r r and the steam supply pipe not shownis attached at s. The generator thus constructed requires no separatebody of sheet metal or brick-work to inclose the working parts above thefurnace.

The water supply pipes,not shown, may be connected to the water drums orto one of the headers or to both as may be desired.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. Ina steamgenerator, continuous and seamless headers the height and width of thegenerator, provided with contracted necks at their upper ends and withholes or openings in their inner and outer walls, in combination withconcentric water and tire tubes, the latter expanded across one of theheaders from the inner to the outer wall and to the diameter of thewater tubes.

2. In a steam generator a header provided with tube openingsof the samediameter in its inner and outer walls, in combination with concentricwater and tire tubes, the latter of less diameter than the former andexpanded across the header from the inner to the outer wall and to thediameter of the water tube.

3. In a steam generator, front and rear headers connected bylongitudinal tubes, in combination with a steam drum or separator, waterdrums on each side of the generator and at the lower end thereof andvertical water tubes arranged in tiers on each side of the generatorfrom the front end of the front uptake to the rear header and connectingthe steain drum to the water drums.

4. In a steam generator, a steam drum, and water drums on each side ofthe generator, tubes connecting said drums and arranged in two tiers oneoverlapping the other,in combination with a coating of refractorymaterial applied to and supported by the outer tier of pipes.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL E. LIGHT.

\Vitnesses:

FRANK S. BECKER, 1-1. G. VAN DEvENDnR.

